General Information:

Product Introduction:

        Vitamin B₁₂ is a water-soluble vitamin. The term vitamin B₁₂ includes the free vitamin (cyanocobalamin) and two coenzymes methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. Vitamin B₁₂ is released from dietary proteins by pepsin and HCl in the stomach. Unlike other water-soluble vitamins, vitamin B₁₂ is stored in the human body. The body stores between 5 and 12 mg of vitamin B₁₂, primarily in the liver and kidneys, and excesses are excreted by way of kidney or in bile. Vitamin B₁₂ is essential for two types of enzymatic reactions in humans; methyl group transfer and transfer of a hydrogen atom from one carbon to an adjacent carbon atom. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiencies manifest primarily as anemia and neurologic changes, although a deficiency of this vitamin inhibits DNA synthesis, which affects growth and repair of all cells. Pernicious anemia is a form of megaloblastic anemia caused by either inadequate vitamin B₁₂ intake or reduced gastric secretion of intrinsic factor, which inhibits absorption. Neurologic changes due to vitamin B₁₂ deficiency can occur in the absence of any hematologic abnormalities. Depending on the duration of symptoms, neurologic complications of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency may or may not be reversible following treatment.

Functions:

1. Essential to the development of healthy blood cells, nerve cells, and proteins in the body and for the normal metabolism of fats and carbohydrates in the body

2. Helps avoid anemia, stomach problems and nerve damage

3. Treats or prevents Vitamin B12 deficiency

4. Provides for those who can't absorb the vitamin due to a defect or disease of the stomach or intestine

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DISCLAIMER:

Statements found within have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These dietary supplement products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Always consult a physician if you are unsure about taking a new supplement. Do not take this supplement if you are under 18, if you are pregnant, nursing, or have any cardiovascular issues.

Scientific studies cited are not conclusive and have limitations, due to their closed environment nature. Referenced studies will not necessarily determine your experience with a supplement since there are many unaccounted variables, which fall outside the scope of the studies.

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